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The two most widely-used methods to add colour to freshly-poured concrete are integral colouring admixtures and dry-shake colour hardeners. Their biggest appeal is the vivid and lasting colour that they give, which is resistant to fading. Not only this, colour hardeners can also make concrete surfaces harder and more durable. So, which should you use for your project?
Introduction: What are these colourings?
When added to concrete, integral colouring admixture will give the entire concrete surface a consistent colour. Typically, it is made of iron-oxide pigments (natural or synthetic) blended with wetting agents and mixed well into fresh concrete before it's placed to achieve uniform colour. Integral colours come in liquid, granular and powdered forms. They can be added directly at the batch plant or to the mixer onsite.
Unlike integral colours which colour the entire matrix of the concrete, dry shake colour hardeners colour only the surface (top 1/8" to 3/16") of a concrete slab. They are a blend of pigments, wetting agents, finely-graded silica sand and Portland cement. Colour hardeners are available in powdered form and are tossed or hand distributed onto wet concrete. Usually, dry shakes are used to colour concrete overlays or stamped concrete flatwork because the rich colour of the surface make imprints appear sharper.
Advantages
Integral colour: Using this is more convenient and less labour-intensive. You simply mix it into the concrete, then place and finish the concrete as you normally would. The colour is permanent and will remain even if the concrete's surface is scraped or chipped. Integral colours are made with chemically-stable pigments that resist fading even with long-term exposure to UV light or weather elements.
Dry shake colour hardeners: They are available in a lot more hues and shades than integral colours. Various colours can be mixed to create contrast as well as subtle variations in colour to mimic natural stone. The colours produced are more intense because they are concentrated on concrete's surface. They make concrete surface denser and stronger because of the Portland cement and mineral aggregates in their content as well more resistant to abrasion, moisture and de-icing salts. They are often the choice for exterior floors like concrete driveways that are subjected to freeze-thaw cycles and interior floors that get a lot of heavy traffic.
Disadvantages
Integral colour: The colours are less vivid than what can be achieved with dry shakes. Integral colours with an iron-oxide base come only in red, black and yellow and all other hues, except green and blue shades, are produced by simply mixing the basic colours in different proportions. Greens and blues are created with different mineral oxides so they cost more. Additionally, integral colour costs more than colour hardeners.
Dry Shake Colour Hardeners: Dry shakes affect just a thin portion of the surface so the colours are more prone to wearing. Generally, their use is limited to flatwork. Its biggest drawback is its labour-intensive and messy application. It could take an average of 6 man-hours to cover a concrete surface about 500 square feet. The amount of work required can translate to bigger costs compared to using integral colours. Also, structures, landscaping and existing concrete slabs need to be protected from the airborne powder during dusting. Workers must also wear a dust mask to prevent inhaling the harmful powder.
Conclusion
Both options have distinct advantages and limitations that you should consider to find out which one would be more suitable to your type of project, desired colour and the exposure conditions in the area.
Cory Grant is a sceond gemeration Decorative Concrete Professional. He is an enthusiast and enjoys sharing his knowledge on what he learns in the industry with other professionals and those who are seeking advice for their Decorative Concrete Project. Take the time to visit his site http://www.corygrantconcrete.com and visit his blog to keep up to date with all the latest stuff happening in the industry.
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